Cathode Ceramic Electrode

For green-electricity-to-green-hydrogen, Yingrui developed a high-performance ceramic HER electrode guided by valence-bond theory: metal oxides with empty/half-filled d-orbitals as base, oxides with more d-electrons for the composite, plus rare-earth ligand modification; formed via agglomeration-granulation, high-temp sintering and plasma spray. Ligand modification turns the surface hydrophilic so bubbles detach fast, keeping active sites exposed and boosting HER activity. After long high-current operation the performance does not decay but rises via growing oxygen vacancies (a 'secondary activation' effect), giving excellent long-term stability.